Lamb to the Slaughter was written by Roald Dahl in 1954 Essay Example For Students

Lamb to the Slaughter was written by Roald Dahl in 1954 Essay Lamb to the Slaughter was written by Roald Dahl in 1954. Roald Dahl is famous for writing childrens stories, like Georges Marvellous Medicine and James and the Giant Peach, which I have read and enjoyed. Roald Dalh also writes stories for adults. They are usually about ordinary people doing strange things. Sir Arthur Conan Doyle wrote The Speckled Band in 1892. His stories are about the famous detective Sherlock Holmes. Before reading this story I knew that Sherlock Holmes was a famous detective, working with fellow colleague Doctor Watson and Scotland Yard. The victim in Lamb to the Slaughter is Patrick Maloney. He was married to Mary Maloney. He was killed when Mary Maloney hit him over the head with a leg of lamb. We started to suspect something was wrong when I quoted on the evening of his death Patrick Maloney did an unusual thing. He finished his drink very quickly and then poured himself out another, very strong one. Another clue, which would suggest that something is wrong, is that he took a long time to reply to his wife, he didnt answer, Her eyes waited on him for an answer, a smile, a little nod, but he made no sign. He had finished the second drink and was starring down into the glass, frowning. In the Speckled Band the victim is Miss Helen Stoner. When we first see her in the story she was wearing black, and had a veiled on her face and grey haired. She was shivering and terrified we could see that she was indeed in a pitiable state of agitation, her face all drawn and grey, with a restless frightened eyes, like of those of some hunted animal, the lady gave a violent start, It is fear, Mr Holmes. It is terror. In Lamb to the Slaughter the murderer was Mary Maloney. She was married to the victim Patrick Maloney. Mary Maloney was pregnant and looked beautiful Her motive for murdering her husband was because he told her he was leaving her for someone else, Of course Ill give you money and see youre looked after. But there isnt for any fuss. I hope not anyway. It wouldnt be very good for my job. Mary Maloney didnt want to get caught because she didnt want her or herself or her child to be killed .So she wasnt going to take any chances What were the laws about murderers with unborn children? Did they kill them bothà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦mother and child? I feel sympathy for her because her husband was going to leave her for someone else. He thought that money could solve the problem but I think Mary Maloney over reacted to the situation. The murderer in The Speckled Band was Doctor Grimesby Roylott. He was a violent man who had a bad temper In a fit of anger, however, caused by some robberies which had been perpetrated in the house, he beat  his native butler to death. After his wife died he shut himself up and became very violent But a terrible change came over our step-father about this timeà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦he is a man of immense strength, and absolutely uncontrollable anger. His motive for trying to kill Miss Helen Stoner was money. His deceased wife left money for her daughters, but if they die he would receive the money. He is also very selfish, a very dangerous man. He should have got capital punishment when he murdered his butler in India. In Lamb to the Slaughter, in the scene of the crime there was a very calm and relaxed atmosphere The room was warm and clean, the curtains drawn, the two table lamps alight à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å" hers and the one by the empty chair opposite. On the sideboard behind her, two tall glasses, soda water, whisky. Fresh ice cubes in the Thermos Bucket. Although there is calm and relaxed atmosphere, it is a little too calm which creates tension. I understand why her husband left her because she created too much tension and she fussed over him too much. .u288d0bb9c40fff876d029a5766607418 , .u288d0bb9c40fff876d029a5766607418 .postImageUrl , .u288d0bb9c40fff876d029a5766607418 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u288d0bb9c40fff876d029a5766607418 , .u288d0bb9c40fff876d029a5766607418:hover , .u288d0bb9c40fff876d029a5766607418:visited , .u288d0bb9c40fff876d029a5766607418:active { border:0!important; } .u288d0bb9c40fff876d029a5766607418 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u288d0bb9c40fff876d029a5766607418 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u288d0bb9c40fff876d029a5766607418:active , .u288d0bb9c40fff876d029a5766607418:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u288d0bb9c40fff876d029a5766607418 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u288d0bb9c40fff876d029a5766607418 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u288d0bb9c40fff876d029a5766607418 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u288d0bb9c40fff876d029a5766607418 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u288d0bb9c40fff876d029a5766607418:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u288d0bb9c40fff876d029a5766607418 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u288d0bb9c40fff876d029a5766607418 .u288d0bb9c40fff876d029a5766607418-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u288d0bb9c40fff876d029a5766607418:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Adventures Of Huck Finn And Conflicts EssayIn the scene of the crime The Speckled Band was in an old house. The house is described as The building was of grey, lichen à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å" blotched stone, with a high central portion and two curving wings, like the claws of a crab, thrown out on each side. In one of these wings the windows were broken and blocked with wooden boards, while the roof was partly caved in, a picture of ruin. This creates a spooky and scary atmosphere. The atmosphere makes me feel very cautious because its a typical description of a haunted house where anything could suddenly happen. You could relate this atmosphere to a typical atmosphere of a murd er mystery. To add to the fear and horror were both a baboon and cheetah which were in the house. In Lamb to the Slaughter the detective did not suspect Mary Maloney, they didnt suspect a women .They should have questioned mary instead of drinking and eating the evidence Eating the lamb. The detectives were very sloppy with the investigation She could hear them speaking amongst them selfs,and knew they wouldnt solve the crime. Hoverever in The Speckled Band Sherlock Holmes suspects Grimesby Roylott, treats the case as urgent, treats Helen Stoner kindly, spots all the clues, recognises red herrings, takes personal risks and solves the crime. He does this by spotting all the clues My attention was speedily drawnà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦to this ventilator, and to the ropes which hung down to the bed. The discovery that this was a dummy and that the bed was clamped to the floor, instantly gave rise to suspicion that the rope was there as a bridge for something passing through the hole and coming to the bed. The idea of a snake instantly occurred to me. Initially I had an idea that Doctor Grimesby Roylott had something to do with the  murder, but when Sherlock Holmes revealed it couldnt be Roylott I had a suspicion that it was an animal because there was a cheetah and a baboon in the house. Sherlock Holmes is a good detective because he is very observant and picks up on clues very quickly. He also thinks very logically. In Lamb to the Slaughter, the murderer, Mary Maloney gets away with killing Patrick Maloney. She wasnt suspected. At first she was sad but eventually got over it. This doesnt usually happen in murder mysteries. I think she was clever as she managed to get rid of the evidence. What else is unusual is that the murderer was a pregnant woman. I would think that not many pregnant women would do this. In The Speckled Band the snake kills the murderer, Doctor Roylott. I think he deserved to get killed because he is sick and twisted and does not care for any one apart from himself. I like my murder mysteries to have a twist at the end tail. The most exciting part of Lamb to the Slaughter was when Mary Maloney hit her husband over the head with a leg of lamb At that point, Mary Maloney simply walked up behind him and without and pause she swung the big frozen leg of lamb in to the air and brought it down as hard as she could on the back of his head. The part which made me carry on reading the story was when Patrick Maloney was going to tell Mary the bad news This is going to be a bit of a shock to you, Im afraid he said but Ive thought about it a good deal and Ive decided the only thing to do is to tell you right away. I hope you wont blame me too much. The most exciting part of The Speckled Band was when the snake killed Doctor Grimsbey Roylott. His chin was cocked upwards, and his eyes were fixed in a dreadful rigid stare at the corner of the ceiling. Round his brow he had a peculiar yellow band, with brownish speckles, which seemed to be bound tightly round his head. As we entered he made neither sound nor movement. Another part, which made me want to read on, was when Doctor Roylott followed Miss Helen Stoner to Sherlock Holmes office Dont you dare meddle with my affairs. I know Miss Stoner has been here-I traced her! I m a dangerous to fall foul of! See here. .ub8b36ce1792d27752d0f3bbbe3e0d3d0 , .ub8b36ce1792d27752d0f3bbbe3e0d3d0 .postImageUrl , .ub8b36ce1792d27752d0f3bbbe3e0d3d0 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ub8b36ce1792d27752d0f3bbbe3e0d3d0 , .ub8b36ce1792d27752d0f3bbbe3e0d3d0:hover , .ub8b36ce1792d27752d0f3bbbe3e0d3d0:visited , .ub8b36ce1792d27752d0f3bbbe3e0d3d0:active { border:0!important; } .ub8b36ce1792d27752d0f3bbbe3e0d3d0 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ub8b36ce1792d27752d0f3bbbe3e0d3d0 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ub8b36ce1792d27752d0f3bbbe3e0d3d0:active , .ub8b36ce1792d27752d0f3bbbe3e0d3d0:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ub8b36ce1792d27752d0f3bbbe3e0d3d0 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ub8b36ce1792d27752d0f3bbbe3e0d3d0 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ub8b36ce1792d27752d0f3bbbe3e0d3d0 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ub8b36ce1792d27752d0f3bbbe3e0d3d0 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ub8b36ce1792d27752d0f3bbbe3e0d3d0:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ub8b36ce1792d27752d0f3bbbe3e0d3d0 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ub8b36ce1792d27752d0f3bbbe3e0d3d0 .ub8b36ce1792d27752d0f3bbbe3e0d3d0-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ub8b36ce1792d27752d0f3bbbe3e0d3d0:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Charles Dickens A Tale of Two Cities EssayThe Speckled Band is set in Victorian times. We know this because it uses old -fashioned language, difficult words, women wore long dresses and gloves. We also know this because dogcarts were around in this time. There is no dog cart which throws up mud in that way. You can tell the Lamb to the Slaughter is set in the 50s because the language used is modern. In the story there  is also a car tyres on the gravel outside, and a thermos bucket Fresh ice in the Thermos Bucket. They both show that the story was set in the 1950s. I dont think it is unusual that there are no female detectives because both before and after the 1900s and during half of the 20th centaury women were only thought of as house wives, who only listen to their father who would have no say in anything. The Speckled Band went into detail with the investigation, unlike Lamb to the Slaughter. Which was a snappy story and a quick investigation. Even though the language is more old fashioned then the language used in Lamb to the Slaughter I found The speckled band more enjoyable. Both stories had unconventional endings, which I liked and which made both stories more interesting. People will always like to read Murder Mysteries because they are interesting and they make you think about what could happen, and you have to work things out using clues, which you have been given. A good work for your mind.

How to Write a Successful Sample Essay for Leadership and Management in Nursing

How to Write a Successful Sample Essay for Leadership and Management in NursingSample essay leadership and management in nursing delegation will help you to express yourself effectively and clearly. It will show your strengths and weaknesses and help you work on improving these areas. A quality writing helps to create a good impact on the readers as well as helping to win the confidence of your readers.Leadership and management in nursing can be defined as the ability to be able to influence others to do a certain job successfully or otherwise. A paper with high quality and comprehensible writing will have different sections. You can keep your essay as basic as possible.This should cover the basic description of the role of the nurse in the organisation. This part of the paper is often ignored as most of the time nurses are expected to talk about their own experiences in the work place and this is not considered a form of writing.You can start the essay with an introduction and this will be followed by a good discussion about the organisation where you are currently working. Give reasons for any changes you have noticed and explain the reasons for making these changes. If your clients do not like the change made then you should also mention the reason for the change and how the change has affected you.A sample essay for leadership and management in nursing will help you state your position clearly and make use of critical thinking. Analytical and realistic thinking are another part of leadership and management in nursing and this is required when you discuss the issues that are considered important in the organization.A sample essay for leadership and management in nursing will also discuss a matter of fact and practical approach. This is usually done by drawing attention to the differences between a question and an answer and explaining what a problem is, its characteristics and reasons behind it. Using simple and clear language will help you to make a strong impact on the readers.There are many forms of leadership and management in nursing. In this case you can write a part on leadership for managers, leadership for nurses and other sections dealing with leadership. As you write the first draft of the essay, you can look for passages to modify as needed to suit your needs.You can improve your writing skills by taking up coaching and training and your sample essay for leadership and management in nursing will help you do so. These essays are required by different schools and colleges and you can take up training and coaching to develop your leadership and management skills.

Johnny Tremain Essays (527 words) - Johnny Tremain,

Johnny Tremain When the book started, Johnny was an annoying pain who always fought and always made bad comments about people. Ever since his mother had died, he has been a blacksmith's apprentice working under a man named Mr. Lampham. His mother arranged for it to be that way before she died. She left Johnny with a silver cup. It was told to Johnny that when all of his hope is lost, and God has turned away from him, then only shall he go to the merchant Lyte and present it to him. Johnny kept it in a chest in the attic all locked up. Johnny was the easiest to teach the art of being a blacksmith. He could read and write, and was a fast learner. This made him the most valuable in the family. He always treated the other learners very badly. This is why one day, they played a trick on him. Johnny and Mr. Lampham had a very important client they were working for. They were going to make him a special bowl for his wife's birthday. Johnny was working all week on the handles he was to design. He came close to the end of the week but he still hadn't got it perfectly right. On Saturday he was told that he couldn't work because he couldn't work on Sabbath. So, Johnny told Mrs. Lampham about this and she said that he could secretly work on Sunday. While Johnny was working, One of the other workers handed him a broken piece which had a crack in the side. It broke and silver when everywhere. Johnny's hand went on the stove. He nearly burned it, it was completely silver on his palm. They called for an old lady. A month later, they were going to unwrap his hand out of the cloth they put it in. When they took off the cloth, it was crippled. Johnny's thumb grew into his other fingers. He couldn't work as a blacksmith so he became useless. Mr. Lampham told Johnny to go look for another job. So Johnny went into town and looked with no luck. He came upon a Printers work place and soon started working there. He became friends with guy named Rab, who was two years older than he was. Johnny learned to control his temper while with Rab, and read many of their books which they had. He was taught by Rab to ride a horse. Johnny learned to ride one of the toughest horses. The horse's name was Goblin. Johnny went into other towns delivering papers to subscribers on Goblin. He still found a place to meet Cill, a girl whom he liked in Mr. Lampham's house. He met her in the middle of town. She gave him updates on news which happened recently. Johnny later began part of the Tea Party. He was there throwing tea even with his bad hand. When the British were here, Rab wanted one of their guns because it seemed more modernized than ours. So he talked one soldier into giving him his gun so that the man could be a farmer. Rab fought hard but was killed at Lexington and Concord. Johnny was never found again. At the end of the book, Johnny learned to be a better person overall.

How to Get a GRE Voucher and Discounts on the Test

How to Get a GRE Voucher and Discounts on the Test The GRE testing fee can be a significant barrier for applicants on a limited budget. However, financial assistance is available through several vouchers and fee reduction programs. In fact, you may be able to save as much as 100% on your GRE testing fee. GRE Vouchers The GRE Fee Reduction Program provides 50%-off vouchers for test-takers with demonstrated financial need.The GREÂ  Prepaid Voucher Service sells vouchers to organizations and institutions, which in turn offer savings to test-takers with demonstrated need. These vouchers can cover part or all of the testing fee.GRE promo codes, which can be found online through a simple Google search, can help you save money on test prep materials. There are three basic ways to save on the GRE: the GRE Fee Reduction Program, GRE Prepaid Vouchers and GRE promo codes. The first two options will reduce your testing fee, while the last option will help you save on test prep materials. GREFee Reduction Program The first place to look for savings is the GRE Fee Reduction Program. This program is offered directly through ETS, the makers of the GRE. The GRE Fee Reduction Program provides saving vouchers to test takers who will be taking the GRE in the United States, Guam, the U.S. Virgin Islands or Puerto Rico. The GRE Fee Reduction Program voucher can be used to cover 50% of the cost of the GRE General Test and/or the cost of one GRE Subject Test. There is a limited supply of vouchers, and they are awarded on a first-come, first-served basis, so vouchers are not guaranteed. The program is open to U.S. citizens and permanent residents, 18 years or older, with demonstrated financial need. To apply, you must be either an unenrolled college graduate who has applied for financial aid, a college senior currently receiving financial aid, or unemployed/receiving unemployment compensation. Additional requirements are as follows: Dependent college seniors must submit an FAFSA Student Aid Report (SAR) with a parental contribution of no more than $2,500.Self-supporting college seniors must submit an FAFSA Student Aid Report (SAR) with a contribution of no more than $3,000; they must also have self-supporting status on the report.Unenrolled college graduates must submit an FAFSA Student Aid Report (SAR) with a contribution of no more than $3,000.Unemployed individuals must prove that they are unemployed by signing a declaration of unemployment and submitting an Unemployment Benefits Statement from the past 90 days.Permanent residents must submit a copy of their green card. To increase your chances of getting a voucher from the GRE Fee Reduction Program, you should fill out the program application as soon as possible. Remember, vouchers are available on a first-come, first-served basis. The longer you wait, the lower your chances are of getting a voucher. You also need to allow at least three week for application processing. When your application is approved, you can pay the other half of the fee not covered by the voucher and resister to take the test. GRE Fee Reduction Vouchers from National Programs There are some national programs within the U.S. that provide their members with GRE Fee Reduction vouchers. These programs typically work with underrepresented communities. If you are a member of a participating program, you may be able to get a voucher or a certificate without being unemployed or meeting the stringent aid-based requirements that come with the GRE Fee Reduction Program. Since voucher availability and qualification requirements can vary from program to program, youll need to talk directly to the program director or another representative to determine whether or not you are able to get a GRE Fee Reduction voucher. According to ETS, the following programs offer GRE Fee Reduction vouchers to their members: Gates Millennium Scholars ProgramNational Consortium for Graduate Degrees for Minorities in Engineering and Science Program (GEM)Maximizing Access to Research Careers (MARC) Undergraduate Student Training in Academic Research (U-STAR) ProgramPostbaccalaureate Research Education Program (PREP)Research Initiative for Scientific Enhancement (RISE) ProgramTRIO Ronald E. McNair Postbaccalaureate Achievement ProgramTRIO Student Support Services (SSS) ProgramGREÂ  Prepaid Voucher Service GRE Prepaid Voucher Service ETS also offers a GREÂ  Prepaid Voucher Service. The vouchers that are available through this service can be used by GRE test takers. However, the vouchers are not sold directly to individuals who are taking the GRE test. Instead, they are sold to institutions or organizations who want to pay some or all of the cost of the GRE for the test taker. ETS offers several prepaid voucher options to institutions or organizations. Some of them cover part of the test fees, while others cover the entire test fee. All of these voucher options must be used by the test taker within one year of the purchase date. Vouchers, including those that cover 100% of the test fee, do not cover additional fees such as scoring fees, test center fees, or other associated fees. The voucher cannot be turned in by the test taker for a refund. GRE Prep Book Promo Codes ETS does not typically offer GRE promo codes that can be used to cover the cost of the GRE. However, there are many different test prep companies that offer GRE promo codes that can be used on prep books, courses, and other materials. Before purchasing a test prep book, do a general Google search for GRE promo codes. While you most likely will not be able to get a discount on the test fee, you can help to offset the cost of the test overall by saving money on test prep tools.

Questions detailed below in criteria Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Questions detailed below in criteria - Essay Example In light of this a project to get ladies to swim would be beneficial when taking into consideration safety concerns in relating to flooding and the ability to swim to safety in the event that such an event occurs. Getting ladies to learn to swim means that their children and partners who are not able to swim will become interested in learning as well. The question therefore is - How will the project coordinator reach them in order to get them interested? Instead of preparing flyers and dropping them in mail boxes in Tower Hamlets, which can be very costly, the internet and social media is an effective way of reaching and communicating with people. Websites like Facebook, You Tube, Yahoo! and Google are some of the sites that are most visited and which could be tapped into. This project will not be successful without getting the ladies of Tower Hamlets involved. Therefore, the advertisements will focus on the unique features of Tower Hamlet which have already been noted that makes it so important for all especially the ladies to learn to swim. In addition to being a great form of exercise, it can be done regardless of the weather. Furthermore, swimming is a great way to reduce the risk of obesity. In order to make the project work the  £10,000 needs to be carefully budgeted. This amount is relatively small and so it is important to utilize resources within Tower Hamlet in order to remain within the means of the budget. The preparation of a financial budget is therefore critical to the success of the project. Preparing a budget is not always easy. However, it is important to understand that the total expenditure budgeted needs to be within the budget which is  £10,000. The amount budgeted for each expense would depend on the going costs of providing these services and so steps should be taken to ascertain these. Some of the things to be considered (assuming that the infrastructure is already in place) include: The possibility exists that the focus on ladies

Recording music Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Recording music - Essay Example Technology has today simplified the work in the music industry. It is easier for a producer to produce high-quality music without the use of instruments. Music producers in most cases are competent composers or songwriters who can constantly inject new ideas into a project (Landy, 2013). He or she will often select and suggest to the mixing engineer what to record, edits and modifies the songs with software tools. This creates a stereo of all the artists’ voices and instruments to produce a high-quality soundtrack. The composers must be, therefore, communicative and meaningful in their music. She talked about Nyman’s process music, an audible or concealed process to the listeners. This is a very dynamic and highly complex process that involves audible structures in musical performance. The chance determination limits the composer’s powers in determining the materiality. This means that one can take an idea, put it through the process and wait for the outcome, which the ideas will generate by itself (Nyman, 2000). The process gives the performers a chance to move through the suggested or given material at their speed, useful for the in-depth understanding of the whole idea.It also helps in the detailed understanding of what was not understood during the first listening thus making recording more relevant. The presenter also encouraged the use of technology to capture or record musical ideas with an aim of repeated listening to manipulate, recreate, recycle and cannibalize these ideas in order to produce quality stereo.

Hofstede Canada vs Japan Essay Example for Free

Hofstede Canada vs Japan Essay Individualism vs Collectivism In essence this dimension deals with the relationship between the individual and the collectives in a given society. It is reflected in the way in which people live together. For example, nuclear families, extended families, tribes and other larger communities. It directly effects peoples values and behaviours. In some cultures individualism is sometime to be sought after but in others it is seen as alienation. Canada Canada has a score of 80 in this dimension which is its highest score by a considerable margin of 28. Their society expects people to look after themselves and their immediate family. These values in are line with my own Irish values but we generally go one further and include extended family members in this bracket such as cousins, aunts and uncles by blood or marriage. Likewise in a business environment employees are expected to take initiative and be self-reliant without constant supervision. Where hiring and promotion decisions are concerned assessments are based on the individual’s accolades and capabilities. It is important to note that Canadian employees will be expected to be able to work on individual tasks as well as group projects. The vast majority of Canadians as well as other capitalist English speaking countries such as Ireland, Australia, New Zealand, United Kingdom and the United States have individualism ranked first. Financial most of all but most successes are a measure of personal achievement. Canadians are generally confident and open to discuss general topics however their private affairs are only up for discussion with their closest friends and family members. The predominately French speaking province of Quebec holds different views than the rest of Canada. This leads to tension between and their English speaking countrymen. Quebecers tend to be more private and reserved. Ethnocentrism is prevalent in Canada but particularly in Quebec. Japan Japan has a score of 46 on the Hofstede’s individualism dimension. Japan has many qualities of a collective society and indeed in popularly stereotyped as one, when in fact it scores in the middle. It prioritised harmonies relations over an individual’s need to express themselves and has a great sense of shame for losing face. This being said it is not as collective as its Chinese and Korean neighbours as they do not maintain extended families to the same extent. Japan has a paternalistic society where assets are inherited from father to eldest son while the remaining siblings are left to their own devices, making their own living with their core families. A more recent study by Woodring[1] found that Japanese students are scored higher on individualism and lower on power distance than Hofstede’s original sample. This was due to their age, according to Woodring. The findings suggest that Japanese college students value individualism and equality more than the rest of their society. Hofsede’s longitudinal study showed that national wealth and individualism are related. Japan has the world’s third largest economy[2], so it is no surprise that Japanese society is changing in this way. In fact a recent Japanese term shin jin rui literally meaning â€Å"new human beings† has developed to describe 25 year olds and younger by their elders. They are thought to be â€Å"selfish, self-centred and disrespectful of elders and traditions†[3]. Japanese society could be regarded as paradoxical as it is both individualist and collective depending on the given situation. For example Japanese employees are famous for their company loyalty but loyalty is something they choose for themselves which is a individualistic characteristic. Japanese society is collective by Canadian and indeed Irish standards but individualist by the rest of Asia’s standards. Individualism vs Collectivism impact on Decisions Making This mostly effects the motivations of a decision. Individualist societies are motivated by personal success and make their decisions according. They constantly trying to climb the corporate ladder and achieve a higher standard of living for themselves and their immediate family. Meanwhile in collective societies they prioritise their decisions for good of the group above their own personal goals. In a business context collective societies will work better in groups with people they have a personal relationship with. While individualist societies can work well as individuals and in groups with people they do not know. This allows for quicker decision making but not knowing a colleague on a personal level may lead to less active participation. Collective mentality takes more time but more options are analysed in more depth which in some circumstances is more effective but less time efficient. Uncertainty avoidance Uncertainty avoidance indicates how threatened a society will be by ambiguous contexts and the degree to which it will attempt to avoid these situations by not tolerating deviant ideas or behaviours, and a belief in absolute truths[4]. This ambiguity leads to anxiety. Different cultures manage this anxiety in different manners. A High Uncertainty Avoidance ranking indicates the country has a low tolerance for uncertainty and ambiguity. This creates a rule-oriented society that implements laws, rules, regulations, and controls in order avoid uncertainty. A Low Uncertainty Avoidance ranking indicates the country is less worried about doubt and is more comfortable taking into account a wide variety of views and opinions. This is mirrored in a society that is less strictly regulated, accepts change quicker, and takes more and greater risks. Japan Japan, with a score of 92, is one of the most uncertainty avoiding places on earth. This is thought to be due to Japans ever present threat of natural disasters such as earthquakes, tsunamis, typhoons and volcanic eruptions. May 2011s tsunami is a testament to this with a death toll of just under sixteen thousand. The Japanese have learned to prepare themselves all aspects of life and not just emergencies. From start to finish Japanese life is extremely organised by Canadian standards, with many tradition ceremonies such as opening and closing events for schools. These are performed in very much the same manner throughout Japan. Detailed etiquette books are available outlining proper behavioural practises and dress for important events such as weddings and funerals. In the Japanese business world, vast amounts of time are invested into feasibility studies. All risk factors must be precisely analysed before any project gets the go ahead. Managers will insist on and indeed expect detailed facts and figures before committing to any decision. This need to precedent and approved practises makes introducing change difficult. Canada With a score of 48 Canada is considerable more â€Å"uncertainty accepting† than Japan. They readily accept new ideas, innovative products and have an enthusiasm to try new or different things whether its new technology, products or business practices. They are accepting of ideas and opinions from people on any level of a business which allows freedom of expression and upward and downward communication. Canadian culture is not rule orientated as Japan is but they tend to be less emotional expressive than cultures scoring higher on the dimension. Canada uncertainty avoidance is fragmented somewhat. The British Columbia providence is viewed as the â€Å"Western Frontier† while Quebecers are much more reserved and reluctant to change. Traditionally British Columbia’s economy was based on exploiting natural resources such as mining, lumber and fishing. Due to a change in the global economy in the 1990s it shifted to a more entrepreneurial, innovative intense economy. Innovation is the product of entrepreneurship which is directly linked to lower uncertainty avoidance[5]. In May of 2002, the University of British Columbia studied entrepreneurial activity in B.C. and compared it to other Canadian provinces.[6] Their research showed that the province of B.C. is ready for greater entrepreneurial activity but that over-regulation may be stunting entrepreneurial activity in the province. During the late 1990s the number of new business starts in B.C. was higher than the Canadian national average. Thus, it shows lower uncertainty avoidance in B.C. Uncertainty avoidance impact on decision making This directly impacts decision making as it relates to risk taking and preparation in every form. A high scoring uncertainty avoidance country such as Japan actively makes decisions to constantly avoid risk. Decisions are only made after lengthy considerations with all plausible possibilities careful considered before action is taken. It was be advantage of being better informed but the disadvantage of being time consuming. Whereas in a country with a low uncertainty avoidance score such as Canada decisions are may much quicker with less considers and options accounted for before taking the plunge. This is a high risk, high reward strategy which can work well given the right entrepreneurial skills. Both nations could learn from each other, making reasonable quick decisions with the best information given time constraints. Bibliography https://docs.google.com/a/ucdconnect.ie/viewer?a=vq=cache:5pvQ7O-6yo0J:www.cjrs-rcsr.org/archives/30-2/McNabb-final.pdf+canadian+uncertainty+avoidancehl=engl=iepid=blsrcid=ADGEESg1FrvsrtpXzN76VcxyTTQ-41w1fT3mmEF46pj4oZCKrQwWL-1IoYpW2iiR2wH9pu7aIgJORx1xQj8w06gzLj8xnIq7FEoS6QW14Ame4iS5nfDGejToZ70ZJS5KGa6GzRoFBw5Hsig=AHIEtbQ3NA9rLoVL-GovrHnXzRqTiSO5OApli=1 http://cos.sagepub.com/content/51/1-2/59.full.pdf+html http://www.cyborlink.com/besite/canada.htm Cultures Consequences: Comparing Values, Behaviors, Institutions and Organizations Across Nations by By Geert H. Hofstede.